Air pollution in Shanghai, China Research Paper

Air pollution in Shanghai, China - Research Paper Example he Old city, Putua, Yangpu, and Zhabei with Chongming, Pudong, Western suburbs , Zhujiajiao and Southern suburbs making up the outer districts of the greater Shanghai city. The presence of the historic houses called the Shikumen just blends the European flair design with the Chinese houses. It is an industrial hub in china. The city is believed to rise to prominence after china lost the 1842 1st opium war. Shanghai’s climate is described as humid sub tropic. The city has two airports, with other means of transport such as use of buses, taxis, train and boats. Shanghai is located in the northern hemisphere. The latitude and longitude of the city is 31010’N,1210 28’E. The latitude with relation to the equator makes it same as Cairo, Brisbane and New Orleans. It is in the same hemisphere as Tokyo city. Air pollution is among the topics most often discussed this year in Shanghai city. The past two weeks has seen the people living in the Yangtze River delta breath air that was considered most polluted in a period of five years. Zhang, the director of the Shanghai environmental protection bureau considers transportation as the major source of pollution associate with air. Factory and emission from vehicles are considered the main pollutant in shanghai city. The measurement of the shanghai air pollution keeps on fluctuating from moderate to unhealthy for sensitive groups. Air pollution in shanghai is real. Particles in the shanghai environment tend to impair visibility due to the presence of smog in the atmosphere. Pollution in the shanghai city is caused by the emissions from the large number of vehicles in the city, dust particles, Emission from factories, coal combustions, and construction sites in various parts of Shanghai (Chan & Xiaohong, 25). Fine particles from such emissions are known to enter the blood circulation in the lung when inhaled from the atmosphere. They are therefore considered detrimental to the health of the human being. When the people

Identity Theft Computer Forensics to the Rescue Research Paper - 2

Identity Theft Computer Forensics to the Rescue - Research Paper Example Then, social, ethical and moral issues regarding identity theft have been discussed. The report is summarized in a concluding paragraph. APA referencing has been used properly. Identity theft is the crime that involves stealing of a person’s private information â€Å"in order to impersonate that person in a legal sense†, according to Vacca (137). When a person’s identity is stolen, he is at great risk of facing a terrifying number of monetary and individual dealings done in his name by the thief. Technology, along with its pros, has introduced exceedingly technical and chic means of acquiring someone’s basic identifying information. Whatever means the thief uses, identity theft brings great damage to the victim’s name and reputation as the victim is solely left responsible for whatever financial or personal loss he faces. One often has to reveal bits of his personal information while doing online transactions, such as his name, address, telephone number, bank information, credit card information, and etcetera. The thief, after stealing this information, can misuse it by, for instance, applying for loans in the victimâ€⠄¢s name, changing his billing address, obtaining driving license, applying for jobs, applying for insurance or new banking accounts, getting authorization for electronic transfers by using the victim’s electronic signature, or any other fraud. On the internet, identity theft is being accomplished using techniques like sending Trojan horses, which are destructive programs, into the computer system, and important passwords and useful information like social security number is transferred to the thief. Another way to steal an identity is email phishing. The victim is sent emails telling the victim that they are from so-and-so enterprise and scamming him by directing him to a fake website which asks for his personal information.

Common Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Common Law - Essay Example The existence of a contract is not dependent upon it in being writing thus a contract can be existent if it oral or informal (Atiyah, 2006). The important decision in respect of contract can be said to be Smith v Hughes , wherein the courts laid down the subjective as well as the objective test was laid down so as to determine whether a contract was existent or not. The subjective test deals with the intention of the parties to the contract whereas the objective test looks into what was said by the parties and the intention of such things done (Peel, 2007). As far as an offer is concerned it is defined as willingness by one party who is called an offeror so as to bind itself on stated subject to acceptance by the other party who is known as the offeree. In respect of invitation to treat it has been defined as an inducement to the other to enter into negotiations and have a definite offer at the end thus an invitation to treat can be said to be a party’s readiness to start negotiations thus it cannot be said to be unequivocal thereby not having the intention that is required for an offer.. The main cases that differentiated between an offern and invitation to treat are Gibson v Manchester City Council and Storer v Manchester City Council . In Gibson the courts found an invitation to treat by looking into the correspondence between the parties and because of the fact that the price was left blank. However, in Storer the courts held that there was a contract which existed and the parties had moved beyond negotiations (Mackendrick, 2009). In respect of display of goods in shop the criterion laid down by the courts is that such display is held to be an invitation to treat (Fisher v Bell)4. However, there have been cases where the courts have found display of goods to constitute as an offer but this was due to the different nature of the case (Chapleton v Barry)5. It has been held that the use of word offer would not make the case an offer and thus the criterion needs to be established (Furmston et al, 2007). As far as posts are concerned there is a special rule that had been laid down in the case of Adams v Lindsell6, wherein it was stated valid acceptance takes place where a letter is validly posted The next step after an offer is that of acceptance the requirement which is an unequivocal and unconditional acceptance by the offeree of the terms and conditions of the offeror (Holwell

Rights of Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Rights of Management - Essay Example own as The Labor Management Relation Act Of 1947 is law that marked a radical change in the federal regulation of industrial relations (Carper et al, 2008). This change was created after a vast number of large scale strikes were held to an extent of nearly disabling the steel, automobile and packing industries among others in the United States. These work mayhems severely affected the economy leading to panic from public. This act, which was an adjustment to the Wagner Act of 1935, was made to benefit all the parties that were involved in the labor agreement as the employees, employers and the labor union (Beik, 2005). Its passage of 1947 added new necessities to the former ‘which meant that its actual meaning would now depend upon the interpretation by the National Labor Relations Board, as well as, the courts’. Taft –Hartley Act placed restrictions on unions that were already imposed on the employer which dictated that it was unlawful to contain workers who wanted to exercise their rights for self organization. (Dubinsky, 1994). Moreover, secondary strikes, boycotts and sympathy strikes especially those that were intended to influence employers, as opposed to those that the Union had contract with. Its first amendment entailed right to free speech that had been severely limited by the former laws, giving chances to employers to air their ideas on unionization only if the ideas are not incisive with threats or promises to employees. It also restricted the liability of employers based on managers’ actions to those who would be considered as a section of supervisors’ official duty. Additionally, the Act allowed states to enact right to work laws which illegalized the setting of union membership as employment condition although some states chose it while others bargained f or changes to avoid conflict of interest. According to Carper, et al. 2008, the Act made recommendation for the contract of labor to on either sides to bargain in good faith on the

Organizational Behavior Terminology and Concepts Paper Term - 2

Organizational Behavior Terminology and Concepts - Term Paper Example This created a positive vibe in everyone since the company believed that employees work hard for their family’s future. Because of this culture, employees were more open, honest, caring and committed to the company. Indeed, culture is one good motivator that a company must acknowledge so that management can design programs which would reflect a company’s culture. Case ( 1996 ) argues that culture plays an important role in influencing the behavior of employees, so much that it is given much attention in the workplace. Is this true? In my own experience, the culture of Family Day in my former workplace created a shared meaning that provides positive reinforcement to the employees in a non-monetary way. The employees cherish and nurture their working experience which tremendously manifested in terms of productivity. Once an employee finds his work and organization meaningful, he goes for the extra mile as a token of appreciation to the company. This rubs down on the customer service exemplified by the crew which customers can’t help notice. If an organization would look closely and find ways to boost employee’s morale without spending so much, it only needs to create a good and positive culture. Diversity, on the other hand, is comprised of â€Å"new ideas from variety of sources (that) likewise ensure that all the best ideas and practical knowledge is applied for corporate and organizational unit survival and growth. This is particularly relevant for companies now with the call for both incremental and revolutionary change to enliven the vision and mission† Segal (2001).Coupled with diversity, these individual personal expressions—creativity—can bring about innovative results that would be beneficial to organizations where they are utilized.Let us take again my workplace as an example. The company hired people from different ethnic backgrounds for very good reasons. The recent years saw the

Customer Behavior in Fast Food Industry Essay Example for Free

Customer Behavior in Fast Food Industry Essay Recently a customer behaviour survey was undertaking among fast food giants like Hungry Jacksâ„ ¢, K.F.C.â„ ¢, Mc Donaldsâ„ ¢, and Pizza Hutâ„ ¢ Much has been written and said about cleanliness in restaurants. Every now and then people vindictively drool over a story about a restaurant not being up to health regulation standards. Customers complain about waitresses handling money and then serving food without washing their hands. Sometimes they take a glimpse into the kitchen and are horrified at the cooks personal hygiene. But how often are customers scrutinized for their filthy habits? Their nose picking antics and then a serve of pizza straight after, or a visit to the toilets without washing hands. How have customers been getting away with these unclean habits for so long in a society where cleanliness should be a priority? What shall restaurant managers do about these peculiar people who come and drag them through court because of food poisoning? Was it really the food or was it their grubby hands which fingered the food after they came from the toilet or from their habitation? Some Eastern customs have a sweet smelling, hot or cold finger bowl on the table. Often the food is not served until all have dipped their fingers in this, really, disinfectant solution. In aeroplanes, sometimes hot, disinfectant face washers are handed out before a meal is served. Maybe restaurant proprietors ought to take note and introduce something similar. Societys cleanliness has degraded over the years, people have become lazy, nonchalant about cleanliness and laugh when something is said about personal hygiene. Watch out sickness is on the rise! Germs are gaining in numbers, beware lest they consume you in your ignorance! Questionnaire Restaurant Proprietors Answered 1: Do customers wash their hands before they sit down and dine-in? No, not generally. Actually, I have never seen anybody do it yet. 2: Do adults make more mess than children? Yes, definitely. Its surprising, but they do. 3: What is the general behaviour of adults like? Ok I guess 4: Do they speak quietly, noisy or outright rudely and loud? Most people behave politely but when you have a group of teenagers they are often very noisy, rude and offensive to other customers as well as the staff. 5: Are adults more polite and friendly to staff than teenagers? A lot of teenagers are generally polite and friendly but some adults are more rude than teenagers. 6: Do customers have respect for the furniture, crockery, glassware etc? Yes, usually theyre pretty good. 7: Do they steal anything like salt and pepper shakers, cutlery etc? Theft is high with cutlery, desert bowls and anything smaller than the dinner plate. 8: Do most pay their bill without grumbling? Yes, they dont have much choice. Do they? 9: In places where you can eat as much as you like, are customers wasteful? Absolutely! The gross amount of waste is shocking. Â  With so much poverty and starvation in the world it is sometimes sad to see good food going to the dump. 10: Do customers touch food on self-serve salad bars and put it back? Children and teenagers are the worst offenders. Adults also have a habit of fingering foods and not consuming it. A bad habit if they havent washed their hands. 11: Would you like to see a better dress standard for customers that dine here? No, we would loose a lot of customers if we did. Were a family restaurant. People drop in and out all the time. 12: Do customers who use toilet facilities wash their hands after use? Cant really tell. I would like to think they do. 13: In what state do they leave the toilet facilities after using them? No worse than any other public toilet facility. 14: Does management get many complaints from customers? Occasionally, we try to sort out any loud gatherings before they get out of hand. Most people are satisfied with the quality and quantity of food we prepare every day.

How Plagiarism Violates the NASW Code of Ethics

How Plagiarism Violates the NASW Code of Ethics The National Association of Social Workers (NASW) is an organization of professionals that â€Å"works to enhance the professional growth and development of its members, to create and maintain professional standards† (National Association of Social Workers [NASW], 2008, About). Within this association there is a Code of Ethics that was created to help guide the behavior of both professional and student social workers. The NASW Code of Ethics provides ethical standards, values, and principles that all social workers are responsible to adhere to. The Code is presented in four sections detailing appropriate behavior for social workers. With these guidelines in mind social work students are expected to complete both assignments and practice in the field with the upmost highest integrity. While there are many topics covered within the Code, one that is essential for students to consider is plagiarism. Plagiarism as defined by Columbia University School of Social Works Writing Center is â€Å"the use of another writers ideas or words as ones own without citing that person† (CUSSW Writing Center, 2010). Without providing proper documentation of where the writer obtained the information included in an assignment the reader will automatically assume that these are the writers original thoughts and ideas. The fact that a social work student does not credit an author used in a writing assignment goes directly against the guideline of acknowledging credit depicted in section 4.08 of the NASW Code of Ethics, which states, â€Å" a) Social workers should take responsibility and credit, including authorship credit, only work they have actually performed and to which they have contributed. (b) Social workers should honestly acknowledge the work of and the contributions made by others† (NASW,2008, preamble). All students in the School of Social Work are bound by the by the NASW Code of Ethics and by the policies of the Columbia University School of Social Work community. It is the students responsibility to be fully informed as to what constitutes plagiarism and to refrain from all activities that constitute plagiarism. Typically this information can be obtained by visiting the schools website. As a social work student it is necessary to practice personal and academic honesty because it shows ones character. By copying information and passing it as your own can be considered deceitful and misconstrued as portraying fraud or deception. The Code of Ethics also provides students a method to check ourselves as social workers as we go forth and set an example to clients. In addition, as read in Section 4, Social Workers Ethical Responsibilities as Professionals, of the NASW Code of Ethics â€Å"Social Workers should not participate in , condone, or be associated with dishonesty, fraud or deception† (NASW, 2008, Section 4). This reinforces the concept that as social workers we have a commitment to be true to ourselves and recognize the work of others by crediting them. After a close examination of the NASW Code of Ethics it is apparent that when one performs any act of plagiarism including cheating it is violating the code of many levels and aspects. Under the value of integrity stand the following ethical principles outlining â€Å"Social workers behave in a trustworthy manner† (NASW, 2008, Ethical Principles). The participation of plagiarism this value and ethical principle that are put upon social workers is disgraced. Additionally, under the value of competence, the ethical principle paired is, â€Å"Social workers practice within their areas of competence and develop and enhance their professional expertise† (NASW, 2008, Ethical Principles). All of these are broken when partaking in plagiarism, as we use others words we are not valuing that individuals worth of the person and more or less stealing their hard work and concepts. Not only do we lose trust of our colleagues but trust in ourselves and are overwhelmed with the feeling of being incompetent when one cannot honor another individuals work. The core values provided by the NASW Code of Ethics are important because our profession is based on these morals. Since â€Å"CUSSW students are expected to conduct themselves in all aspects of school activities in a manner consistent with the Code of Ethics of the National Association of Social Workers† participating in plagiarism directly violates these standards (CUSSW, Policies, 2010). As a matter of professional development social work students need to develop a respect for written communication and the process of presenting work. Academic communication is often a balance between the presentation of your original ideas, representation of information gained from other sources and the integration of both. It is ones liability to account for the usage of others work, so we stay in line with our social work ethics and values presented in the code. Furthermore, the Ethical Standards provided in the code include: social workers ethical responsibilities to colleagues, ethical responsibilities in practice settings, ethical responsibilities as professionals, social workers ethical responsibilities to the social work profession, and Social workers ethical responsibilities to the broader society. All of this is lost when not crediting someone else work. It is every social workers mission to follow and have their professional worth be embedded in the core values that the Code of Ethics is based upon and identifies. It is crucial for academic institutions to hold the responsibility of students of fostering and evaluating professional behavioral development for all students in the social work program is (Atlantic University Florida). The School of Social Work also bears a responsibility to the community at large to produce fully trained professional social workers who consciously exhibit the knowledge, values, and skills of the professi on of social work. The values of the profession are codified in the NASW Code of Ethics. When a student does not adhere to these ethical principles, a dilemma arises that question if a student fully comprehends the NASW Code of Ethics and what responsibility it carries. It is clear that quality students fully prepared for the profession will adhere to all the guidelines provided in the NASW Code of Ethics and demonstrate knowledge of the meaning. http://www.columbia.edu/cu/ssw/faculty/policies/index.html#ethics http://www.columbia.edu/cu/ssw/write/handouts/AvoidPlagiarism.html http://www.cosw.sc.edu/student/syllabi/sowk735.html http://www.naswdc.org/pubs/code/Default.asp http://www.fau.edu/ssw/expectations.html www.socwork.jmu.edu/demos/partone.ppt http://www.socialworkers.org/pubs/code/code.asp National Association of Social Workers. (2008). Preamble to the code of ethics. Retrieved May 4, 2008,from http://www.socialworkers.org/pubs/ Code/code.asp Social work values and ethics Reamer, Frederic, G. Columbia University Press New York Chichester, West Sussex Copyright  © 1999 Columbia University Press